« Previous
Next »
Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental
Volume 55, Issue 12
, Pages 1582-1589
, December 2006
Sustainability of 8% weight loss, reduction of insulin resistance, and amelioration of atherogenic-metabolic risk factors over 4 years by metformin-diet in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
References
- Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3078–3082
- Polycystic ovary syndrome in Mexican-Americans: prevalence and association with the severity of insulin resistance. Fertil Steril. 2005;84:766–769
- The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovary syndrome in an unselected population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:2745–2749
- Obesity and extreme obesity, manifest by ages 20-24 years, continuing through 32-41 years in women, should alert physicians to the diagnostic likelihood of polycystic ovary syndrome as a reversible underlying endocrinopathy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005;122:206–212
- Association of hyperandrogenemic and metabolic phenotype with carotid intima-media thickness in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:2740–2746
- . Intima-media thickness of elastic and muscular arteries of young women with polycystic ovaries. Atherosclerosis. 2004;175:353–359
- . Polycystic ovary syndrome and cardiovascular disease: a premature association?. Endocr Rev. 2003;24:302–312
- Cardiovascular risk in adolescent and young adult obese females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2001;14(Suppl 5):1353–1359[discussion 1365]
- Incidence and treatment of metabolic syndrome in newly referred women with confirmed polycystic ovarian syndrome. Metabolism. 2003;52:908–915
- Epidemiology and adverse cardiovascular risk profile of diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:1357–1363
- Effects of diet and metformin administration on sex hormone–binding globulin, androgens, and insulin in hirsute and obese women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80:2057–2062
- Short term energy restriction (using meal replacements) improves reproductive parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2004;13:S88
- Clinical and hormonal characteristics of obese amenorrheic hyperandrogenic women before and after weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989;68:173–179
- A randomized, 48-week, placebo-controlled trial of intensive lifestyle modification and/or metformin therapy in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. Fertil Steril. 2004;82:421–429
- Metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, and systolic blood pressure, while facilitating normal menses and pregnancy. Metabolism. 1994;43:647–654
- . Menstrual cyclicity after metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 1997;90:392–395
- Metformin therapy is associated with a decrease in plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor–1, lipoprotein(a), and immunoreactive insulin levels in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Metabolism. 1997;46:454–457
- Ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with oligomenorrhea treated with metformin in a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:569–574
- Metformin therapy improves the menstrual pattern with minimal endocrine and metabolic effects in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 1998;69:691–696
- A randomized trial of the effects of two types of short-term hypocaloric diets on weight loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:630–637
- Overweight and obese anovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries: parallel improvements in anthropometric indices, ovarian physiology and fertility rate induced by diet. Hum Reprod. 2003;18:1928–1932
- Evaluation of ovarian functionality after a dietary treatment in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005;119:87–93
- Dietary composition in restoring reproductive and metabolic physiology in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:812–819
- Ghrelin and measures of satiety are altered in polycystic ovary syndrome but not differentially affected by diet composition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:3337–3344
- The role of lifestyle modification in polycystic ovary syndrome. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2002;13:251–257
- Effect of long-term treatment with metformin added to hypocaloric diet on body composition, fat distribution, and androgen and insulin levels in abdominally obese women with and without the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:2767–2774
- Metformin-diet benefits in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in the bottom and top quintiles for insulin resistance. Metabolism. 2005;54:113–121
- Metformin to restore normal menses in oligo-amenorrheic teenage girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). J Adolesc Health. 2001;29:160–169
- Overweight status of adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: body mass index as mediator of quality of life. Ambul Pediatr. 2005;5:107–111
- Childhood cardiovascular risk factors and carotid vascular changes in adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. JAMA. 2003;290:2271–2276
- The relation of obesity throughout life to carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:159–166
- Adiposity in childhood predicts obesity and insulin resistance in young adulthood. J Pediatr. 2001;138:469–473
- Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2000. JAMA. 2002;288:1723–1737
- . Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:19–25
- . Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1961;21:1440–1447
- . Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin-lowering agents. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2002;3:1177–1189
- Pregnancy outcomes among women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with metformin. Hum Reprod. 2002;17:2858–2864
- Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28:412–419
- . Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA. 2002;287:356–359
- Metformin-induced resumption of normal menses in 39 of 43 (91%) previously amenorrheic women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Metabolism. 1999;48:511–519
- Metformin or antiandrogen in the treatment of hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:4116–4123
- . Flutamide-metformin plus ethinylestradiol-drospirenone for lipolysis and antiatherogenesis in young women with ovarian hyperandrogenism: the key role of metformin at the start and after more than one year of therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:39–43
- Metformin effects on clinical features, endocrine and metabolic profiles, and insulin sensitivity in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 6-month trial, followed by open, long-term clinical evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:139–146
- . Adiponectin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and severe insulin resistance. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2005;12:129–134
- Adiponectin is independently associated with insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2004;61:738–746
- A direct effect of hyperinsulinemia on serum sex hormone–binding globulin levels in obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991;72:83–89
- Insulin stimulates testosterone biosynthesis by human thecal cells from women with polycystic ovary syndrome by activating its own receptor and using inositolglycan mediators as the signal transduction system. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:2001–2005
- . Lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome respond to insulin reduction with decreases in ovarian P450c17 alpha activity and serum androgens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:4075–4079
- . Insulin resistance syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Pract. 2003;9(Suppl 2):86–89
- . Role of hyperinsulinemia in the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovary syndrome, and its clinical implications. Semin Reprod Endocrinol. 1997;15:111–122
- Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone, alone and in combination, in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal indices of insulin sensitivity. Fertil Steril. 2004;82:893–902
- . Insulin sensitizers for polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2003;46:325–340
- Metformin and weight loss in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: comparison of doses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:4593–4598
- Effects of metformin on insulin secretion, insulin action, and ovarian steroidogenesis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:524–530
- Metformin versus flutamide in the treatment of metabolic consequences of non-obese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized prospective study. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2004;19:115–124
- Sensitization to insulin induces ovulation in nonobese adolescents with anovulatory hyperandrogenism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:3595–3598
- Nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome respond better than obese women to treatment with metformin. Fertil Steril. 2004;81:355–360
- XENical in the prevention of diabetes in obese subjects (XENDOS) study: a randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:155–161
- Orlistat is as beneficial as metformin in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:729–733
- . Insulin-lowering agents in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2003;24:633–667
- Clinical, metabolic and endocrine parameters in response to metformin in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Horm Metab Res. 2003;35:86–91
- . Do women with polycystic ovary syndrome have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Review of the evidence. Minerva Ginecol. 2004;56:27–39
- Evidence for an association between metabolic cardiovascular syndrome and coronary and aortic calcification among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:5454–5461
- Evidence for association between polycystic ovary syndrome and premature carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:2414–2421
- The metabolic syndrome: a vascular perspective. Eur J Intern Med. 2005;16:314–320
- . Can type 2 diabetes mellitus be considered preventable?. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;68(Suppl 1):S73–S81
- The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia. 2006;1–9
- . Prevention of type 2 diabetes. Curr Mol Med. 2005;5:365–374
- A systematic review of drug therapy to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:736–744
- . Pharmacologic prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Pharmacother. 2005;39:102–109
- . Metformin for prevention of type 2 diabetes. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38:1283–1285
- Improvement in endocrine and ovarian function during dietary treatment of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1992;36:105–111
PII: S0026-0495(06)00267-8
doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.08.001
© 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental
Volume 55, Issue 12
, Pages 1582-1589
, December 2006
