Decreased glucose effectiveness but not insulin resistance in glucose-tolerant offspring of Japanese non—insulin-dependent diabetic patients: A minimal-model analysis

Doi, Kentaro; Taniguchi, Ataru; Nakai, Yoshikatsu; Kawamura, Hitomi; Higaki, Yasuki; Yokoi, Hideki; Tanaka, Hiroaki; Fujitani, Junzo; Suzuki, Masashige; Tokuyama, Kumpei; Sakai, Masahiko; Fukushima, Mitsuo

« Previous Next »Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental
Volume 46, Issue 8 , Pages 880-883, August 1997

Decreased glucose effectiveness but not insulin resistance in glucose-tolerant offspring of Japanese non—insulin-dependent diabetic patients: A minimal-model analysis

Kentaro Doi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Ataru Taniguchi
- Address reprint requests to Ataru Taniguchi, MD. First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, 1-7 Fukushima 2-chome. Fukashima-ka, Osaka 553, Japan.
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Yoshikatsu Nakai
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Hitomi Kawamura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Yasuki Higaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Hideki Yokoi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Hiroaki Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Junzo Fujitani
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Masashige Suzuki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Kumpei Tokuyama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Masahiko Sakai
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
Mitsuo Fukushima
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai-Denryoku Hospital, Osaka Japan
- Division of the Science of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, Kyoto University, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Japan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Exercise and Nutrition, Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan

Received 10 August 1996; accepted 19 February 1997.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to estimate insulin sensitivity (SI), insulin secretion, and glucose effectiveness (SG) in 10 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (eight men and two women) with a family history of non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM offspring). Ten glucose-tolerant subjects (eight men and two women) without a family history of NIDDM served as control subjects. All subjects were Japanese. They underwent a modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT): glucose (300 mg/kg body weight) was administered, and insulin (20 mU/kg over 5 minutes) was infused from 20 to 25 minutes after glucose. SI and SG were estimated by Bergman's minimal-model method. No significant difference was observed in body mass index (22.6 ± 1.5 v 21.5 ± 0.6 kg/m²) and fasting glucose (5.1 ± 0.1 v 5.2 ± 0.1 mol/L) and insulin (40.7 ± 6.3 v 42.6 ± 6.7 pmol/L). SI was not different between the two groups (0.83 ± 0.11 v 0.94 ± 0.15 × 10⁻¹ · min⁻¹ · pmol/L⁻¹, P > .05). The acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg_glucose) estimated by intravenous glucose tolerance testing was significantly lower in the offspring than in the normal controls (2,139 ± 265 v 3,438 ± 318 pmol/L · min, P < .05). The glucose disappearance rate (KG) and SG were significantly diminished in the offspring versus normal controls (KG, 1.50 ± 0.22 v 2.10 ± 0.15min⁻¹, P < .05; SG, 0.016 v 0.003 ± 0.023 ± 0.002 min⁻¹, P < .05). Thus, glucose-tolerant Japanese NIDDM offspring with normal insulin sensitivity are characterized by a reduced AIR_glucose and diminished SG. This is the first report that glucose resistance but not insulin resistance already exists in glucose-tolerant Japanese NIDDM offspring.