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Abstract
Overfeeding increases the thermogenic response of norepinephrine (NE) in normal but
not in certain genetically obese rodents. It has been suggested that human obesity
may be associated with a similar thermogenic defect. To determine whether there are
differences in the thermogenic sensitivity to NE in human obesity, energy expenditure
in response to graded infusions of NE (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 μg/min/kg fat-free mass)
was measured in six lean and six obese subjects (9.5 ± 1.8 v 36.3 ± 3.8% body fat P < 0.005). Resting metabolic rate (RMR), thermogenic response to NE, and thermogenic
response to exercise were measured during weight maintenance and during the third
week of feeding 1000 extra Kcal/d in the lean and obese subjects. These components
of energy expenditure were also measured in the obese subjects during the third week
of a 589 Kcal/d diet. Resting metabolic rate increased during overfeeding in lean
(6.6%, P < 0.05) but not in the obese subjects (2.7%, P=NS) and fell during underfeeding in the obese (−9.1%,P < 0.02). There was a logarithmic increment above baseline in VO2v plasma NE concentration during the NE infusions (r=0.75, P < 0.005) in lean subjects which was unaltered by overfeeding. The obese exhibited
equivalent VO2 responses to NE to that measured in the lean. Supine plasma NE concentrations were
lower but metabolic clearance rates (MCR) of NE were similar in the obese compared
to lean subjects during both weight maintenance and overfeeding. Overfeeding minimally
increased plasma concentration but not MCR of NE in both groups. The thermogenic response
to exercise was similar in the lean and obese subjects and was unaltered by overfeeding
or underfeeding. The increments in plasma glycerol and free fatty acid in response
to the NE infusions were proportional to the total fat mass of each individual and
were greater in the obese subjects. Overfeeding partially suppressed the lipolytic
response to NE in both groups and underfeeding increased the lipolytic response in
the obese. There are no differences in thermogenic responses to NE in human obesity
to account for excessive fat deposition. Overfeeding does not increase the thermogenetic
responses to NE in humans as has been reported in small mammals.
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Article info
Footnotes
☆Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health: USPHS Grants AM F32-062683 (Katzeff), AM18535 (Danforth), AM26317 (Horton), RR109 (GCRC of the University of Vermont), AM20378, AM26455, and HL 24084 (Landsberg and Young).
Identification
Copyright
© 1986 Published by Elsevier Inc.
