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Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) status was assessed in subjects to evaluate the effects
of thyroid diseases on Mg and Zn metabolism. Plasma and red blood cell (RBC) concentration
and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (MNC) content of Mg and Zn, and 24-hour urinary
excretion of Mg, Zn, creatinine (Cr), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and potassium (K)
were measured in 11 thyrotoxic, 29 hypothyroid, and 25 euthyroid control subjects.
Serum albumin, α2-macroglobulin, and the binding of Zn to albumin were also determined. Plasma and
RBC Mg concentrations were low in half of the hyperthyroid subjects, but mean values
were not significantly different from controls. Urinary excretion and clearance of
Mg were lower in hypothyroid subjects, but differences were removed when expressed
relative to Cr excretion and clearance. Similar patterns were noted for urinary Ca,
Na, and K, suggesting that their reduced excretion reflects alterations in renal hemodynamics.
Plasma Zn was lower in hypothyroid subjects and correlated with serum albumin; MNC
Zn and urinary Zn were also low. Plasma Zn concentration was normal and serum albumin
significantly lower in the hyperthyroid group than in the control group. Further,
RBC Zn content was significantly lower in hyperthyroid subjects, and inversely related
to plasma thyroxine concentration. The hyperthyroid group also excreted significantly
greater amounts of Zn than controls, indicative of a catabolic process. This increased
urinary loss may reflect a shift in the distribution of plasma Zn between ultrafilterable
and Zn-albumin complexes. In summary, this study provides evidence for marked alterations
in Zn homeostasis in persons with thyroid disease. Whether the observations indicate
deficiency states and have clinical implications will require further investigation.
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Footnotes
☆Supported by Protocol No. 1369-86, Department of Clinical Investigation, Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
☆☆The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or USUHS.
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© 1988 Published by Elsevier Inc.
