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Abstract
The impact of two different modes of training on body fatness and skeletal muscle
metabolism was investigated in young adults who were subjected to either a 20-week
endurance-training (ET) program (eight men and nine women) or a 15-week high-intensity
intermittent-training (HIIT) program (five men and five women). The mean estimated
total energy cost of the ET program was 120.4 MJ, whereas the corresponding value
for the HIIT program was 57.9 MJ. Despite its lower energy cost, the HIIT program
induced a more pronounced reduction in subcutaneous adiposity compared with the ET
program. When corrected for the energy cost of training, the decrease in the sum of
six subcutaneous skinfolds induced by the HIIT program was ninefold greater than by
the ET program. Muscle biopsies obtained in the vastus lateralis before and after
training showed that both training programs increased similarly the level of the citric
acid cycle enzymatic marker. On the other hand, the activity of muscle glycolytic
enzymes was increased by the HIIT program, whereas a decrease was observed following
the ET program. The enhancing effect of training on muscle 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme
A dehydrogenase (HADH) enzyme activity, a marker of the activity of β-oxidation, was
significantly greater after the HIIT program. In conclusion, these results reinforce
the notion that for a given level of energy expenditure, vigorous exercise favors
negative energy and lipid balance to a greater extent than exercise of low to moderate
intensity. Moreover, the metabolic adaptations taking place in the skeletal muscle
in response to the HIIT program appear to favor the process of lipid oxidation.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
September 3,
1993
Received:
March 8,
1993
Footnotes
☆Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
Identification
Copyright
© 1994 Published by Elsevier Inc.
