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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential causes of the lower lipolytic
rates in obese Black American women compared to obese Caucasian women. Subcutaneous
and omental adipose tissue were obtained from subjects during abdominal surgery, and
hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) mass, mRNA, and activity were determined. HSL mRNA
levels did not differ between the Black American and Caucasian women in either subcutaneous
or omental adipose tissue. However, HSL mass was approximately 35% lower (P [lt ] .05) in both subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue of the Black Americans.
Because of these differences, we measured HSL activity in frozen subcutaneous and
omental adipose tissue, and also measured basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolytic
rates in tissue fragments. No racial differences were found in the activity of HSL
in either subcutaneous or omental adipose tissue. However, basal lipolytic rates in
the Black Americans were 53% and 44% lower (P [lt ] .05) in the subcutaneous and omental fat, respectively, compared to the Caucasian
women, despite a lack of difference in cell size between the 2 groups. Interestingly,
the degree of stimulation by isoproterenol was higher in both the subcutaneous and
omental adipose tissue of the Black American than those of the Caucasian women, resulting
in equal stimulation by isoproterenol in the 2 groups. These results indicate that
despite the lower mass and lower basal HSL activity in the obese Black American women,
stimulation of HSL results in equal activity of the enzyme in the 2 races. This suggests
that the signaling pathway of HSL stimulation is more efficient in the Black American
women.
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Footnotes
☆Supported in part by a grant from the American Diabetes Association.
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Copyright
© 2002 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
