Abstract
Objective
We examined if the predominant source of dietary protein influenced the lipoprotein-lipid
profile in older men who performed resistive exercise training (RT).
Design
This is a 14-week, randomized, repeated-measures study with a 12-week period of RT
with supplementation of different sources of dietary protein (beef and soy).
Setting
Nutrition, Metabolism, and Exercise Laboratory, Central Arkansas Veteran's Healthcare
System, North Little Rock, Ark.
Subjects
Twenty-six healthy men were recruited, and 21 men (age 65 ± 5 years, body mass index
28.2 ± 2.6 kg/m2) completed the study.
Interventions
For 14 weeks, all men were counseled to self-select a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet. For
2 weeks (baseline), all men also consumed 0.6 g-protein/kg per day from portioned
quantities of soy-based texturized vegetable protein foods. For the next 12 weeks,
11 men were randomized to continue with texturized vegetable protein foods (VEG group),
whereas 10 men were randomized to receive 0.6 g-protein/kg per day from portioned
quantities of beef (BEEF group) and continue their otherwise lacto-ovo-vegetarian
diet. All men participated in RT 3 d/wk during this 12-week period. Assessments of
upper and lower body muscle strength and power, serum lipoprotein-lipid profile, and
dietary nutrient intakes were made at baseline and week 12 of RT (POST).
Results
The BEEF and VEG groups increased (P < .05) overall muscle strength and muscle power with RT, with no differences between
groups. From baseline to POST, the BEEF group had increased concentrations of high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .025; HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .027; LDL-C), and total cholesterol (P = .015: CHOL), with no changes (P > .05) in triacylglycerol (TG), the CHOL/HDL-C ratio, or the TG/HDL-C ratio. The
VEG group did not experience within-group changes (P > .05) in any lipoprotein-lipid parameter. At POST, the concentrations of HDL-C,
LDL-C, and CHOL were greater in the BEEF group compared with the VEG group. There
were significant interaction effects for HDL-C (P = .004) and the TG/HDL-C ratio (P = .022). Multiple regression analysis determined that, regardless of intervention,
change in the saturated fat/fiber ratio (SF/fiber) predicted CHOL (adjusted R2 = 0.34); the SF/fiber ratio predicted LDL-C (adjusted R2 = 0.36); the cholesterol/fiber intake ratio predicted HDL-C (adjusted R2 = 0.26), and the change in carbohydrate intake predicted the CHOL/HDL-C ratio (adjusted
R2 = 0.37) and TG (adjusted R2 = 0.44).
Conclusions
These results suggest that the lipoprotein-lipid profile in these older men was differentially
affected by supplementation with beef versus soy-based foods during RT. Regardless
of group, the lipoprotein-lipid changes were predicted by differences in the SF/fiber
ratio and cholesterol/fiber ratio and increases in carbohydrate intake over time.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
January 4,
2005
Received:
July 16,
2004
Footnotes
☆This study was support by funds from: the National Cattlemen's Beef Association and the Cattlemen's Beef Board, the National Institutes of Health (R29 AG13409, R01 AG15750, and M01 RR14288), United States Department of Agriculture (98-35200-6151), and a University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Student Research Fund.
Identification
Copyright
© 2005 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
