Abstract
Objective
GPR119 is reportedly involved in regulating glucose metabolism and food intake in
rodents, but little is known about its expression and functional significance in humans.
To begin to assess the potential clinical importance of GPR119, the distribution of
GPR119 gene expression in humans was examined.
Materials/Methods
Expression of GPR119 mRNA in fresh samples of normal human pancreas (n=19) and pancreatic islets (n=3) and in insulinomas (n=2) and glucagonomas (n=2), all collected at surgery, was compared with the mRNA expression of various receptors
highly expressed and operative in human pancreatic islets.
Results
GPR119 mRNA was most abundant in the pancreas, followed by the duodenum, stomach,
jejunum, ileum and colon. Pancreatic levels of GPR119 mRNA were similar to those of
GPR40 mRNA and were higher than those of GLP1R and SUR1 mRNA, which are strongly expressed
in human pancreatic islets. Moreover, levels of GPR119 mRNA in pancreatic islets were
more than 10 times higher than in adjacent pancreatic tissue, as were levels of GPR40 mRNA. GPR119 mRNA was also abundant in two cases of insulinoma and two cases of glucagonoma,
but was undetectable in a pancreatic acinar cell tumor. Similar results were obtained
with mouse pancreatic islets, MIN6 insulinoma cells and alpha-TC glucagonoma cells.
Conclusions
The results provide evidence of an islet-gastrointestinal distribution of GPR119,
its expression in pancreatic beta and alpha cells, and its possible involvement in
islet function. They also provide the basis for a better understanding of the potential
clinical importance of GPR119.
Abbreviations:
FFPE (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded), GLP1R (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor), GPR119 (G protein-coupled receptor 119), GPR40 (G protein-coupled receptor 40), SUR1 (sulfonylurea receptor 1)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 09, 2012
Accepted:
June 27,
2012
Received:
April 25,
2012
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
